A study, led by investigators at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and Emory University and published October 2016 in the journal Science, reported that a monkey antibody similar to the medicine vedolizumab resulted in sustained remission in monkeys infected with SIV, the simian form of HIV. Vedolizumab is a monoclonal antibody used to for patients with ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. This drug binds to alpha-4 beta-7 integrin, leading to gut-selectiveanti-inflammatory activity. But the study did not reveal the precise action of the antibody. Now a newest NIH study solves the mystery.
In their latest study, NIH investigators demonstrated that the presence of a special protein on the surface of SIV and HIV may provide an explanation for this mystery. This study was presented this year at the Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections (CROI). CROI 2017 took place February 13 to February 16, 2017, in Seattle, Washington, at the Washington State Convention Center.
NIH investigators found that a protein called alpha-4 beta-7 integrin, which is a gut-homing receptor that is present at high levels on the immune-system cells that HIV and SIV preferentially infect, is required by maturing HIV and SIV particles when these viral particles emerge from host cells, suggesting that alpha-4 beta-7 can be targeted with therapeutics to combat HIV and SIV infections.
The investigators also revealed that antibody against anti-alpha-4 beta-7 binds to both cells and viral particles. Study co-author Anthony Fauci noted that the results helped explain previous findings: treatment with a combination of anti-alpha-4 beta-7 antibody and antiretroviral therapy had a protective and long lasting effect on monkeys infected with SIV. Cusabio offers antibodies like mouse polyclonal antibody.
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